הָיָ֨ה אֲדֹנָ֤י ׀ כְּאוֹיֵב֙ בִּלַּ֣ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בִּלַּע֙ כָּל־אַרְמְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ שִׁחֵ֖ת מִבְצָרָ֑יו וַיֶּ֙רֶב֙ בְּבַת־יְהוּדָ֔ה תַּאֲנִיָּ֖ה וַאֲנִיָּֽה׃ (ס)
Der Herr ist wie ein Feind geworden. Er hat Israel verschluckt. Er hat alle ihre Paläste verschluckt, Er hat seine Festungen zerstört; Und er hat sich in der Tochter Judas vermehrt. Trauer und Stöhnen.
Rashi on Lamentations
He magnified in the community of Yehudah. He increased in the congregation of Yehudah.
Rashi on Lamentations
Suffering and lamentation. Pain and wailing.
Rashi on Lamentations
He magnified. The yud is vowelized with a small patach [=segol], which is an expression of increasing others, [as in,] “And the people increased וַיִּרֶב and were very mighty,”12Shemos 1:20. See Rashi there on וייטב. is vowelized [under the yud] with a chirik, which is an expression meaning that he himself increased. Similarly, every word whose radical ends with a hei, e.g., to turn פָּנָה, to go astray זָנָה, to weep בָּכָה, are vowelized in that manner when the hei is missing, when it speaks of itself it is vowelized with a chirik, e.g., “And Pharaoh turned.”13Shemos 17:23. But when it speaks of others it is vowelized with a small patach [=segol], e.g., “and he turned [the foxes] tail to tail,”14Shoftim 15:4. [and] “and Yehudah went into exile from his land,”15II Melochim 25:21. Here, ויגל is vowelized with a chirik. [and] “and the king of Bavel exiled Yisroel into Assyria.”16Ibid., 18:11.